NextCloud是一款开源网络硬盘系统，可以用于在家庭或公司构建私有且免费的网络硬盘，是一个安全且功能完整的文件同步与共享解决方案。Nextcloud提供 Android、iOS和PC桌面客户端，可以通过加密的链接同步和共享数据。
1.安装软件
NextCloud是PHP项目，可以基于LAMP或LNMP搭建。本教程采用LNMP搭建。
1.1 安装PHP
PHP的版本及所需要的PHP模块，请参考
https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/19/admin_manual/installation/source_installation.html。
NextCloud安装完成后，启动时，如果提示还有PHP模块缺失，可以根据提示补充安装。
jishu@Jishu:~$ sudo apt-get install php php-mysql php-fpm php-zip php-dom php-xml php-mbstring php-curl php-gd
jishu@Jishu:~$ php -v
PHP 7.2.24-0ubuntu0.18.04.6 (cli) (built: May 26 2020 13:09:11) ( NTS )
1.2 安装MySQL
jishu@Jishu:~$sudo apt-get install mysql-server-5.7
jishu@Jishu:~$ sudo mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.30-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)
......
mysql>
1.3 安装Nginx
jishu@Jishu:~$ sudo apt-get install nginx
jishu@Jishu:~$ nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.14.1
1.4 下载NextCloud
jishu@Jishu:~$ wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-19.0.0.zip
2.系统配置
2.1 配置数据库
NextCloud使用MySQL数据库，需要进行数据库的配置。
jishu@Jishu:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
......
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
#创建nextcloud数据库
mysql> create database nextcloud;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
#创建访问nextcloud数据库的账号cloudadmin
mysql> create user 'cloudadmin'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
#赋予cloudadmin账号操作nextcloud数据库的权限
mysql> grant all privileges on nextcloud.* to 'cloudadmin'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
#数据库变更生效
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2.2 配置Nginx WEB服务
NextCloud的Nginx配置请参考https://docs.nextcloud.com/se...。可根据实际情况进行修改。
jishu@Jishu:~$ cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
jishu@Jishu:/etc/nginx/sites-enabled$ sudo vim nextcloud
upstream php-handler {
#使用php7.2-fpm.sock加速访问
#server 127.0.0.1:9000;
server unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
}
#不使用https，注释该server
#server {
# listen 80;
# listen [::]:80;
# server_name cloud.example.com;
# # enforce https
# return 301 https://$server_name:443$request_uri;
#}
server {
#不使用SSL，注释掉SSL端口
# listen 443 ssl http2;
# listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
#修改侦听8081端口
listen 8081;
#可根据实际情况，修改server_name
server_name _;
#不使用SSL，注释掉SSL证书
# Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
# https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
# NOTE: some settings below might be redundant
# ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.crt;
# ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.key;
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
#add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
#
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
# could take several months.
add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
# Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
# Path to the root of your installation
# nextcloud代码文件目录，可修改
root /var/www/nextcloud;
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json last;
# The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
}
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 4;
gzip_min_length 256;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
location / {
rewrite ^ /index.php;
}
location ~ ^\/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)\/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^\/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^\/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy)\.php(?:$|\/) {
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(\/.*|)$;
set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
#不支持HTTPS，注释掉
#fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
# Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
# Enable pretty urls
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^\/(?:updater|oc[ms]-provider)(?:$|\/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js, css and map files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif|map)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
# have those duplicated to the ones above)
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
# this topic first.
#add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
#
# WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
# the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
# will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
# in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
# could take several months.
add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
# Optional: Don't log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg|bcmap|mp4|webm)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
# Optional: Don't log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
2.3 解压NextCloud
解压缩NextCloud的压缩文件，并把目录复制到Nginx配置文件中指定的root目录/var/www下。
jishu@Jishu:~$ unzip nextcloud-19.0.0.zip
jishu@Jishu:~$ sudo mv ./nextcloud /var/www/
jishu@Jishu:~$ cd /var/www
jishu@Jishu:/var/www$ sudo chown www-data:www-data -R nextcloud/
3.启动NextCloud服务
NextCloud服务需要重新启动Nginx和php7.2-fpm。
jishu@Jishu:~$ sudo service nginx restart
jishu@Jishu:~$ sudo service php7.2-fpm restart
NextCloud服务启动后，即可用浏览器访问http://ip:8081进行系统配置。配置完成后，即可在电脑、手机端通过浏览器或APP访问私有云盘了。
