基于RT-Thread Studio 和小熊派实现智慧农业

摘要：如何从零开发一个“智慧农业”案例？小伙伴们有福了，孙教授手把手的带大家基于小熊派+RT-Thread开发一个智慧农业案例。

一、硬件分析

1.1 背景平台任务介绍

基于小熊派 BearPi-IoT Std 硬件平台
采用 RT-Thread Studio 快速搭建软件工程
实现智慧农业：基于 E53_IA1 扩展板
输入：温度、湿度、光照度
输出： FAN、LED
前期准备工作：
硬件：BearPi-IoT Std开发板
硬件：WIFI8266通信板
硬件：E53_IA1案例板
软件：STM32CubeMX软件
软件：RT-Thread Studio IDE

1.2 硬件电路连接

LCD-SPI2：

LCD_PWR_PIN           B15
LCD_DC_PIN            C6
LCD_RES_PIN           C7

RW007:

WAN_RI              B14
SPI3_NSS            A15
SPI3_MISO           C11
SPI3_SCK            C10
SPI3_MOSI           B5

ESP_UART_TX         C0
ESP_UART_RX         C1

SPI_FLASH:

QSPI_NCS            B11
QSPI_CLK            B10
QSPI_SI             B1
QSPI_SO             B0

TF_CARD:

SD_CMD              D2
SD_CLK              C12
SD_DO               C8

KEY & LED:

KEY1                B2
KEY2                B3
LED                 C13

E53_IA1 ：

LED_SW              A0
INT                 B9
Motor_SW            B8
I2C_SCL             B6
I2C_SDA             B7

调试串口：

UART1_TX             A9
UART1_RX             A10

二、新建工程

2.1 新建RTT工程

基于 STM32L431RCT6 新建RTT工程, 基于芯片，使用UART1

2.2 添加cube对应的驱动

打开CubeMx Settings,如图进行相关配置，包括：时钟，时钟频率，代码规则，生成工程时的版本MDK5.27

配置使用外部晶振

配置主频

配置代码生成规则

生成工程IDE及版本号

下面配置串口，GPIO

配置KEY!

配置完成，生成代码后，保存关闭

由CubeMx自动生成的初始化代码

下面编译、下载程序

下载程序流程

打开终端，配置终端串口

三、添加相关组件和软件包

添加相关驱动配置宏，在 board.h 中添加

#define BSP_USING_I2C1
#define BSP_USING_LPUART1
#define BSP_LPUART1_TX_PIN       "PC0"
#define BSP_LPUART1_RX_PIN       "PC1"
#define RT_USING_SPI
#define BSP_USING_SPI2

进入RTT配置界面

已经添加的组件

添加组件 SPI ,软件模拟 I2C , 传感器，软件包 cjson , webclient, pahomqtt, at_device, bh1750, onenet, sht3x

添加的过程

配置完成后，保存关闭。可进入详细配置

四、添加 esp8266 驱动

配置 wifi 用户名和密码

在 CubeMX 中添加 lpuart1

五、添加 LCD 相关驱动

添加LCD使用的spi2

添加LCD的驱动代码

六、传感器I2C 配置

以下均使用i2c1

E53_IA1_bh1750_demo
E53_IA1_sht30_demo

在 RTT Settings 中添加 I2C1

添加LCD的头文件路径

七、GPIO 口的使用

添加 ES53 的引脚

LED_SW              A0
Motor_SW            B8
LED                 C13
KEY1                B2   
KEY2                B3

修改B2 B3为中断输入 A0 B8 C13 推挽输出

board.h中添加

#define LED0_PIN GET_PIN(C,13)
#define LED1_PINK_PIN GET_PIN(A,0)
#define MOTOR_PIN GET_PIN(B,8)
#define KEY1_PIN GET_PIN(B,2)
#define KEY2_PIN GET_PIN(B,3)

八、修改代码

源码：sht3x.c

sht3x_device_t dev_sht30 = RT_NULL;
void E53_IA1_sht30_task_entry(void* par)
{

        rt_uint8_t sht_addr = SHT3X_ADDR_PD ;
        dev_sht30 = sht3x_init("i2c1", sht_addr);
        if(!dev_sht30)
         {
             rt_kprintf("sht3x probe failed, check input args\n");
         }else
         {
             rt_kprintf("sht3x probed, addr:0x%x\n", sht_addr) ;
         }
        while(1)
        {

          if (dev_sht30)
         {
             /* read the sensor data */
             sht3x_read_singleshot(dev_sht30);
//           rt_kprintf("sht3x humidity   : %d.%d \n", (int)dev_sht30->humidity, (int)(dev_sht30->humidity * 10) % 10);
//           rt_kprintf("sht3x temperature: %d.%d \n", (int)dev_sht30->temperature, (int)(dev_sht30->temperature * 10) % 10);
         }
         else
         {
             rt_kprintf("Please using 'sht3x probe <i2c dev name> <pu/pd>' first\n");
         }
          rt_thread_mdelay(1000);
        }
}
int E53_IA1_sht30_demo(void)
{
    rt_thread_t tid;
    tid=rt_thread_create("E53_IA1_sht30_demo", E53_IA1_sht30_task_entry, RT_NULL,2*1024, 20, 7);
    if(tid!=RT_NULL)
    {
        rt_thread_startup(tid);
    }
    return 0;
}
/* 导出到 msh 命令列表中 */

MSH_CMD_EXPORT(E53_IA1_sht30_demo,E53_IA1_sth30 demo);

源码：bh17650.c

#include "sensor.h"

struct rt_sensor_data bh1750_data;
void E53_IA1_bh1750_task_entry(void *par)
{
    rt_device_t dev_bh1750=RT_NULL;
    dev_bh1750 = rt_device_find("li_bh1750");
    if (dev_bh1750 == RT_NULL)
    {
        rt_kprintf("Can't find li_bh1750 device\n");
        return;
    }

    /* 以只读模式打开bh1750 */
    if (rt_device_open(dev_bh1750, RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RDONLY) != RT_EOK)
    {
        rt_kprintf("open device failed!");
        return;
    }
   while(1)
   {

      rt_device_read(dev_bh1750, 0, &bh1750_data, 1);
      rt_kprintf("BH1750:%4d.%d lux\n", bh1750_data.data.light / 10, bh1750_data.data.light % 10);
      rt_thread_mdelay(1000);
   }
}

int E53_IA1_bh1750_demo(void)
{
    rt_thread_t tid;
    tid=rt_thread_create("E53_IA1_bh1750_demo", E53_IA1_bh1750_task_entry, RT_NULL, 2*1024, 20, 6);
    if(tid!=RT_NULL)
    {
        rt_thread_startup(tid);
    }
    return 0;
}
/* 导出到 msh 命令列表中 */
//MSH_CMD_EXPORT(E53_IA1_bh1750_demo, E53_IA1_bh1750 demo);

修改 onenet_sample.c, 全部复制

修改main.c,全部复制。改rtconfig.h中，onenet的数据配置,这里的数据要根据自己的设备情况进行修改

/* IoT Cloud */
#define PKG_USING_ONENET
#define PKG_USING_ONENET_SAMPLE
#define ONENET_USING_MQTT
#define ONENET_INFO_DEVID "2************4"
#define ONENET_INFO_AUTH "w************e"
#define ONENET_INFO_APIKEY "T************************************="
#define ONENET_INFO_PROID "1************************************9"
#define ONENET_MASTER_APIKEY "X************************************="
#define PKG_USING_ONENET_LATEST_VERSION

如下图所示，根据自己的OneNet产品、设备等填写

编译后下载，运行。上位机连接网络页面

九、OneNet云平台的配置

登录 https://open.iot.10086.cn/注册账号从“控制台”进入 “控制台首页” 进入“全部产品服务”再进入“多协议接入” 创建 MQTT 协议的产品“BearPi-IoT”。产品ID PROID: _4******7_ Master-APIKey:_V************************************************=_

进入产品，创建设备“BearPi_RT-Thread_Agriculture”

#define ONENET_INFO_DEVID "7************4"
#define ONENET_INFO_AUTH "w************e"
#define ONENET_INFO_APIKEY "s************************************="
#define ONENET_INFO_PROID "4************7"
#define ONENET_MASTER_APIKEY "V************************************="

最后进行应用管理设置

十、结论

本次测试过程从工程创建到系统完成，一共花费约2小时，RTT Studio属于高效、质量高的物联网构建方案

代码部分，自行添加的大型文件有： main.c 和 onenet_sample.c. 部分修改的代码有： bh17650.c 和 sht3x.c

其余均为参量等少量修改等，如wifi密码等

main.c源码：

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2019-2021, BearPi IoT Development Team
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Change Logs:
 * Date           Author       Notes
 * 2021-04-17    BearPi IoT    first version
 */

#include <rtthread.h>

#define DBG_TAG "main"
#define DBG_LVL DBG_LOG
#include <rtdbg.h>
#include <board.h>
#include <rtdevice.h>
#include "sensor.h"
#include "sht3x.h"
#include "dev_lcd.h"
#include "onenet.h"

extern int E53_IA1_sht30_demo(void);
extern int E53_IA1_bh1750_demo(void);
extern int onenet_mqtt_init(void);                    //初始化onenet
extern int onenet_upload_cycle(void);                 //循环上报温湿度数据
extern void onenet_upload_entry(void *parameter);     //循环上报
extern int onenet_upload_cycle(void);                 //循环上报任务
extern int onenet_set_cmd_rsp(int argc, char **argv); //接收云端指令信息
extern int cloud_connect_flag;
extern sht3x_device_t dev_sht30;
extern struct rt_sensor_data bh1750_data;
int motor_status;
int led_pink_status;
int motor_flag = 0;
int led_flag = 0;
int send_flag1 = 0, send_flag2 = 0;
void key1_recall(void *args)
{
    if (motor_status)
    {
        rt_pin_write(MOTOR_PIN, PIN_LOW);
        motor_flag = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        rt_pin_write(MOTOR_PIN, PIN_HIGH);
        motor_flag = 1;
    }
    rt_kprintf("KEY1 test!---\n");
    motor_status = ~motor_status;
    send_flag1 = 1;
}
void key2_recall(void *args)
{

    if (led_pink_status)
    {
        rt_pin_write(LED1_PINK_PIN, PIN_LOW);
        led_flag = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        rt_pin_write(LED1_PINK_PIN, PIN_HIGH);
        led_flag = 1;
    }
    rt_kprintf("KEY2 test!+++\n");
    led_pink_status = ~led_pink_status;
    send_flag2 = 1;
}

int main(void)
{
    int count = 1;
    rt_pin_mode(LED0_PIN, PIN_MODE_OUTPUT);      //输出模式
    rt_pin_mode(LED1_PINK_PIN, PIN_MODE_OUTPUT); //输出模式
    rt_pin_mode(MOTOR_PIN, PIN_MODE_OUTPUT);     //输出模式
    /*KEY1中断初始化*/
    rt_pin_mode(KEY1_PIN, PIN_MODE_INPUT);                                   //输入模式
    rt_pin_attach_irq(KEY1_PIN, PIN_IRQ_MODE_FALLING, key1_recall, RT_NULL); //下降沿检测并调用回调函数
    rt_pin_irq_enable(KEY1_PIN, PIN_IRQ_ENABLE);                             //使能中断
    /*KEY2中断初始化*/
    rt_pin_mode(KEY2_PIN, PIN_MODE_INPUT);                                   //输入模式
    rt_pin_attach_irq(KEY2_PIN, PIN_IRQ_MODE_FALLING, key2_recall, RT_NULL); //下降沿检测并调用回调函数
    rt_pin_irq_enable(KEY2_PIN, PIN_IRQ_ENABLE);                             //使能中断
    lcd_set_color(WHITE, BLUE);                                              //背景白色，字体蓝色
    onenet_mqtt_init();                                                      //初始化onenet云平台
    E53_IA1_sht30_demo();                                                    //E53_IA1智慧农业扩展板温湿度传感器监测任务
    E53_IA1_bh1750_demo();                                                   //E53_IA1智慧农业扩展板光照强度传感器监测任务
    onenet_set_cmd_rsp(RT_NULL, RT_NULL);                                    //启动接收接收云平台指令并解析进行控制
    onenet_upload_cycle();                                                   //循环上报数据到云平台任务

    while (count++)
    {
        lcd_show_string(180, 60, 32, "%2d%  ", (int)dev_sht30->humidity);                                           //湿度数据LCD显示
        lcd_show_string(60, 60, 32, "%d.%d", (int)dev_sht30->temperature, (int)(dev_sht30->temperature * 10) % 10); //温度数据LCD显示
        lcd_show_string(60, 125, 32, "%4d", bh1750_data.data.light / 10);                                           //光照强度数据LCD显示
        /*通过上传数据到云平台成功来判断是否上云成功*/
        if (cloud_connect_flag == 1)
        {
            lcd_set_color(GREEN, BLUE);
            lcd_show_string(140, 125, 32, "OneNET");
            lcd_set_color(WHITE, BLUE);
        }
        else
        {
            lcd_set_color(RED, YELLOW);
            lcd_show_string(140, 125, 32, "OneNET");
            lcd_set_color(WHITE, BLUE);
        }
        /*E53_IA1 电机运行开关状态显示*/
        if (motor_flag == 1)
        {
            lcd_set_color(BLUE, GREEN);
            lcd_show_string(10, 210, 24, "FAN:ON ");
            lcd_set_color(WHITE, BLUE);
        }
        else if (motor_flag == 0)
        {
            lcd_set_color(BLUE, RED);
            lcd_show_string(10, 210, 24, "FAN:OFF ");
            lcd_set_color(WHITE, BLUE);
        }
        /*E53_IA1 LED紫色灯开关状态显示*/
        if (led_flag == 1)
        {
            lcd_set_color(BLUE, GREEN);
            lcd_show_string(140, 210, 24, "LED:ON ");
            lcd_set_color(WHITE, BLUE);
        }
        else if (led_flag == 0)
        {
            lcd_set_color(BLUE, RED);
            lcd_show_string(140, 210, 24, "LED:OFF");
            lcd_set_color(WHITE, BLUE);
        }
        if (send_flag1 == 1) //将本地按键控制状态上传到云平台来判定控制的设备：E53_IA1智慧农业扩展板电机
        {
            send_flag1 = 0;
            if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("Motor_status", motor_flag))
            {
                LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
            }
            else
            {
                LOG_D("buffer : {\"Motor_status\":%d}", motor_flag);
            }
        }
        if (send_flag2 == 1) //将本地按键控制状态上传到云平台来判定控制的设备：E53_IA1智慧农业扩展板LED紫色灯
        {
            send_flag2 = 0;
            if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("LED_status", led_flag))
            {
                LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
            }
            else
            {
                LOG_D("buffer : {\"LED_status\":%d}", led_flag);
            }
        }

        /*板载蓝灯闪烁*/
        rt_pin_write(LED0_PIN, PIN_HIGH);
        rt_thread_mdelay(500);
        rt_pin_write(LED0_PIN, PIN_LOW);
        rt_thread_mdelay(500);
    }

    return RT_EOK;
}

onenet_sample.c 源码

/*
* File      : onenet_sample.c
* COPYRIGHT (C) 2006 - 2018, RT-Thread Development Team
*
*  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
*  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
*  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
*  (at your option) any later version.
*
*  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
*  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
*  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
*  GNU General Public License for more details.
*
*  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
*  with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
*  51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Change Logs:
* Date           Author       Notes
* 2018-04-24     chenyong     first version
*/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <rtdevice.h>
#include <board.h>
#include <onenet.h>
#include <sensor.h>
#include <CJSON.h>
#define DBG_ENABLE
#define DBG_COLOR
#define DBG_SECTION_NAME "onenet.sample"
#if ONENET_DEBUG
#define DBG_LEVEL DBG_LOG
#else
#define DBG_LEVEL DBG_INFO
#endif /* ONENET_DEBUG */

#include <rtdbg.h>
#include <sht3x.h>
#ifdef FINSH_USING_MSH
#include <finsh.h>
extern sht3x_device_t dev_sht30;
extern struct rt_sensor_data bh1750_data;
extern int motor_flag;
extern int led_flag;
int cloud_connect_flag = 0;

void onenet_upload_entry(void *parameter)
{
    int value1 = 0;
    int value2 = 0;
    int value3 = 0;
    uint32_t count1 = 0;
    uint32_t send_cnt = 0;

    while (1)
    {
        value1 = dev_sht30->temperature;
        value2 = dev_sht30->humidity;
        value3 = bh1750_data.data.light;

        switch (send_cnt++)
        {
        case 0:
            if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("temperature", value1) < 0)
            {
                LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
                cloud_connect_flag = 0;
            }
            else
            {
                LOG_D("buffer : {\"temperature\":%d}", value1);
                cloud_connect_flag = 1;
            }

            break;
        case 1:
            if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("humidity", value2))
            {
                LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
            }
            else
            {
                LOG_D("buffer : {\"humidity\":%d}", value2);
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("luminance", value3))
            {
                LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
            }
            else
            {
                LOG_D("buffer : {\"luminance\":%d}", value3);
            }
            break;
        case 3:
            if (count1++ >= 999999)
            {
                count1 = 0;
            }
            if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("Count", count1))
            {
                LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
            }
            else
            {
                LOG_D("buffer : {\"Count\":%d}", count1);
            }
            break;
        }
        if (send_cnt >= 4)
            send_cnt = 0;

        rt_thread_mdelay(rt_tick_from_millisecond(500));
    }
}

int onenet_upload_cycle(void)
{
    rt_thread_t tid;
    tid = rt_thread_create("onenetupload", onenet_upload_entry, RT_NULL, 5 * 1024, 20, 6);
    if (tid != RT_NULL)
    {
        rt_thread_startup(tid);
    }
    return 0;
}
MSH_CMD_EXPORT(onenet_upload_cycle, send data to OneNET cloud cycle);

int onenet_publish_digit(int argc, char **argv)
{
    if (argc != 3)
    {
        LOG_E("onenet_publish [datastream_id]  [value]  - mqtt pulish digit data to OneNET.");
        return -1;
    }

    if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit(argv[1], atoi(argv[2])) < 0)
    {
        LOG_E("upload digit data has an error!\n");
    }

    return 0;
}
MSH_CMD_EXPORT_ALIAS(onenet_publish_digit, onenet_mqtt_publish_digit, send digit data to onenet cloud);

int onenet_publish_string(int argc, char **argv)
{
    if (argc != 3)
    {
        LOG_E("onenet_publish [datastream_id]  [string]  - mqtt pulish string data to OneNET.");
        return -1;
    }

    if (onenet_mqtt_upload_string(argv[1], argv[2]) < 0)
    {
        LOG_E("upload string has an error!\n");
    }

    return 0;
}
MSH_CMD_EXPORT_ALIAS(onenet_publish_string, onenet_mqtt_publish_string, send string data to onenet cloud);

/* onenet mqtt command response callback and analysis function */
static void onenet_cmd_rsp_cb(uint8_t *recv_data, size_t recv_size, uint8_t **resp_data, size_t *resp_size)
{
    char res_buf[] = {"cmd is received!\n"};
    cJSON *cjson_test = NULL;
    cJSON *cjson_ctl = NULL;
    LOG_D("recv data is %.*s\n", recv_size, recv_data);
    char temp[] = {25};
    /* user have to malloc memory for response data */
    *resp_data = (uint8_t *)ONENET_MALLOC(strlen(res_buf));

    strncpy((char *)*resp_data, res_buf, strlen(res_buf));

    *resp_size = strlen(res_buf);
    cjson_test = cJSON_Parse((char *)recv_data);
    cjson_ctl = cJSON_GetObjectItem(cjson_test, "LED");
    printf("OneNet Command  %d\r\n", cjson_ctl->valueint);
    if (cjson_ctl->valueint == 1)
    {
        rt_pin_write(LED1_PINK_PIN, PIN_HIGH);
        led_flag = 1;
        sprintf(temp, "LED?");
        printf("OneNet Command LED ON\r\n");
        if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("LED_status", led_flag))
        {
            LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
        }
        else
        {
            LOG_D("buffer : {\"LED_status\":ON}");
        }
    }
    if (cjson_ctl->valueint == 0)
    {
        rt_pin_write(LED1_PINK_PIN, PIN_LOW);
        led_flag = 0;
        printf("OneNet Command LED OFF\r\n");
        if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("LED_status", led_flag))
        {
            LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
        }
        else
        {
            LOG_D("buffer : {\"LED_status\":OFF}");
        }
    }
    cjson_ctl = cJSON_GetObjectItem(cjson_test, "Motor");
    printf("OneNet Command  %d\r\n", cjson_ctl->valueint);
    if (cjson_ctl->valueint == 1)
    {
        rt_pin_write(MOTOR_PIN, PIN_HIGH);
        motor_flag = 1;
        printf("OneNet Command Motor ON\r\n");
        if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("Motor_status", motor_flag))
        {
            LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
        }
        else
        {
            LOG_D("buffer : {\"Motor_status\":ON}");
        }
    }
    if (cjson_ctl->valueint == 0)
    {
        rt_pin_write(MOTOR_PIN, PIN_LOW);
        motor_flag = 0;
        printf("OneNet Command Motor OFF\r\n");
        if (onenet_mqtt_upload_digit("Motor_status", motor_flag))
        {
            LOG_E("upload has an error, stop uploading");
        }
        else
        {
            LOG_D("buffer : {\"Motor_status\":OFF}");
        }
    }
}

/* set the onenet mqtt command response callback function */
int onenet_set_cmd_rsp(int argc, char **argv)
{
    onenet_set_cmd_rsp_cb(onenet_cmd_rsp_cb);
    return 0;
}
MSH_CMD_EXPORT(onenet_set_cmd_rsp, set cmd response function);

#endif /* FINSH_USING_MSH */

作者介绍：
孙冬梅：女，博士/博士后，副教授，2004年获南京理工大学测试计量技术及仪器专业博士学位；2011.1~2015.12进入南京工业大学“动力工程及工程热物理”博士后流动站从事研究工作。现任职于南京工业大学电控学院，兼任江苏省仪器仪表学会理事，江苏省射频识别技术标准化技术委员会委员。

原文：小熊派开源社区
作者：孙冬梅

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