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丨budboool · 2022年10月14日 · 广东

全志Tina Linux 存储介质切换：eMMC，SPI NAND，SPI NOR，SD NAND

SoC 芯片

存储切换方法

SDK切换存储介质需要修改board.dts、sys_config.fex、内核配置、TINA系统配置。另外，在spinor 存储介质下，通过 u-boot-sun8iw21p1.bin 进行烧录，u-boot-spinor-sun8iw21p1.bin 启动，使用sys_partition_nor.fex作为分区表。在非spinor介质(spinand、emmc、sdnand)，通过u-boot-sun8iw21p1.bin进行烧录和启动，使用sys_partition.fex作为分区表。下文将介绍spinor切换spinand、spinand切换spinor、spinor切换emmc、spinor切换sdnand四种切换方式。

  • sys_config.fex中只要关注storage_type选项，这个选项决定使用哪一种存储介质，配置后在pack过程，会自动打包对应介质的二进制文件。

    [target]
storage_type = xxx
其中storage_type | 0:nand | 1:sd | 2:emmc | 3:spinor  | 4:emmc3 | 5:spinand  | 6:sd1 |

    spinor切换spinand

sys_config.fex修改

[target]
- storage_type = 3
+ storage_type = 5

board.dts/uboot-board.dts修改

&spi0 {
-    status = "disabled";
+    status = "okay";
    spi-nand@0 {
-        status="disabled";
+        status="okay";
    };
};

uboot编译

编译u-boot-sun8iw21p1.bin，spinand使用u-boot-sun8iw21p1.bin进行烧录、启动。
cboot切换到uboot目录，编辑configs/sun8iw21p1_defconfig
CONFIG_SUNXI_UBIFS=y   //SDK发布默认已选上
执行mboot               //编译
确保device/config/chips/vxxx/bin/u-boot-sun8iw21p1.bin已更新

内核配置

make kernel_menuconfig 层层选中
内核驱动配置
Device Driver --->
   Memory Technology Device (MTD) support --->
      sunxi-nand  --->
          <*> AWNAND CHOICE (Allwinner MTD SPINAND Device Support)  --->
      -*-   Enable UBI - Unsorted block images  --->
         [*]   Read-only block devices on top of UBI volumes
         
内核文件系统配置
File systems --->
   [*] Miscellaneous filesystems  --->
      <*>   UBIFS file system support

TINA环境配置

make menuconfig 层层选中
Target Images  --->
   Boot (SD Card) Kernel format (boot.img)  ---> //默认选中
   [ ] For storage less than 32M, enable this when using ota  //取消勾选
   
Global build settings  --->
   [*] Strip unnecessary functions from libraries  //取消勾选
   
Utilities  --->
   <*> mtd-utils --->
      <*>   mtd-utils-mkfs.ubifs

spinand切换spinor

切换部分原文链接：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1701/

sys_config.fex修改

[target]
- storage_type = 5
+ storage_type = 3

board.dts/uboot-board.dts修改

&spi0 {
-    status = "okay";
+    status = "disabled";
    spi-nand@0 {
-        status="okay";
+        status="disabled";
    };
};

内核配置

make kernel_menuconfig 层层选中
内核驱动配置
Device Driver --->
   Memory Technology Device (MTD) support --->
      sunxi-nand  --->  //取消勾选
   Self-contained MTD device drivers  --->
      <*> Support most SPI Flash chips (AT26DF, M25P, W25X, ...)  //确认已选中
   <*>   SPI-NOR device support  --->    
内核文件系统配置
File systems --->
   [*] Miscellaneous filesystems  --->
      <*>   Journalling Flash File System v2 (JFFS2) support

TINA环境配置

make menuconfig 层层选中
Target Images  --->
   [*] For storage less than 32M, enable this when using ota  //选中
   
Global build settings  --->
   [*] Strip unnecessary functions from libraries  //选中
   
Utilities  --->
   <*> mtd-utils
      <*>   mtd-utils-mkfs.jffs2  //选中

spinor切换emmc

sys_config.fex修改

[target]
- storage_type = 3
+ storage_type = 2

内核配置

make kernel_menuconfig 层层选中
[*] Enable the block layer  --->
   [*]   Support for large (2TB+) block devices and files
   [*]   Block layer SG support v4
Device Drivers  --->
   < > Memory Technology Device (MTD) support  --->  //取消勾选
   [*] Block devices  --->  //确认勾选
File systems  --->
   <*> The Extended 4 (ext4) filesystem

TINA环境配置

make menuconfig 层层选中
Target Images  --->
   Boot (SD Card) Kernel format (boot.img)  ---> //默认选中
   [ ] For storage less than 32M, enable this when using ota  //取消勾选
   
Global build settings  --->
   [ ] Strip unnecessary functions from libraries  //取消勾选
   
Utilities  --->
   Filesystem  --->
      <*> e2fsprogs //选中

spinor切换sdnand

sys_config.fex修改

[target]
- storage_type = 3
+ storage_type = 1

board.dts修改

&sdc2 {
    non-removable;
    bus-width = <8>;
    mmc-ddr-1_8v;
    mmc-hs200-1_8v;
    mmc-hs400-1_8v;
    no-sdio;
-    no-sd;
+    //no-sd;
    ctl-spec-caps = <0x308>;
    cap-mmc-highspeed;
    sunxi-power-save-mode;
    sunxi-dis-signal-vol-sw;
    max-frequency = <100000000>;
    vmmc-supply = <&reg_dcdc1>;
    /*emmc io vol 3.3v*/
    vqmmc-supply = <&reg_bldo1>;
    /*emmc io vol 1.8v*/
    /*vqmmc-supply = <&reg_eldo1>;*/
    status = "disabled";
};

内核配置

make kernel_menuconfig 层层选中
[*] Enable the block layer  --->
   [*]   Support for large (2TB+) block devices and files
   [*]   Block layer SG support v4
Device Drivers  --->
   < > Memory Technology Device (MTD) support  --->  //取消勾选
   [*] Block devices  --->  //确认勾选
File systems  --->
   <*> The Extended 4 (ext4) filesystem

TINA环境配置

make menuconfig 层层选中
Target Images  --->
   Boot (SD Card) Kernel format (boot.img)  ---> //默认选中
   [ ] For storage less than 32M, enable this when using ota  //取消勾选
   
Global build settings  --->
   [ ] Strip unnecessary functions from libraries  //取消勾选
   
Utilities  --->
   Filesystem  --->
      <*> e2fsprogs //选中

Tina 一般支持nor, nand, mmc 三种介质。

更具体的，nand分为并口nand和spinand，mmc分emmc和sd卡

主要需要区分的是nor和其他介质，因为需要打包的部分有所不同。

即，emmc和nand，sd卡一般可共用一份固件，而nor则需使用另一份固件

sys_config配置

在sys_config中有一个配置项，storage_type，取值及含义如下

;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; storage_type 0:nand 1:sd 2:emmc 3:spinor 4:emmc3 5:spinand 6:sd1
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[target]
storage_type = xxx

对于nor的方案，必须配置为

 storage_type = 3

对于其他介质，storage_type则不能配置为3

spinand切换为spinor

sys_config 设置介质为nor

[target]
storage_type = 3

配置所用nor的大小

[norflash]
size        = 16

内核配置

 make kernel_menuconfig --->
    Device Drivers --->
                < >Block devices  (取消选中)
    Device Drivers --->
        <*>Memory Technology Device (MTD) support
                        <*>OpenFirmware partitioning information support
            <*>SUNXI partitioning support
　　　　　　 <*>   Caching block device access to MTD devices
            <*>   SPI-NOR device support  (对于linux4.9，先选这个，下面的选项才出现)
            Self-contained MTD device drivers  --->
                 <*> Support most SPI Flash chips (AT26DF, M25P, W25X, ...)
　　File systems  --->
　　　　< > The Extended 4 (ext4) filesystem（取消选中）
　　File systems  --->
　　　　[*] Miscellaneous filesystems  ---> 
　　　　　<*>   Journalling Flash File System v2 (JFFS2) support（选中）
　　[*] Enable the block layer  --->
　　　　[ ]   Support for large (2TB+) block devices and files（取消选中）

menuconfig配置

make menuconfig --->
       Utilities  --->
                <*> mtd-utils (选择) --->
                        <*> mtd-utils-mkfs.jffs2
make menuconfig --->
       Utilities  --->
                Filesystem  --->
                        < > e2fsprogs(取消选择)

spinor切换为spinand

sys_config 设置介质为spinand

[target]
storage_type = 5

内核配置

 make kernel_menuconfig --->
      Device Drivers --->
                 [*]Block devices --->
                         <*>   sunxi nand flash driver
      Device Drivers --->
        < >Memory Technology Device (MTD) support（取消选择）
       [*] Enable the block layer  --->
                [*]   Support for large (2TB+) block devices and files 
      File systems  --->
               <*> The Extended 4 (ext4) filesystem

menuconfig 配置

make menuconfig --->
       Utilities  --->
                < > mtd-utils (取消选择)
                Filesystem  --->
                        <*> e2fsprogs

分区表配置
注意点

对于nand，rootfs_data分区，使用ext4格式。分配太小的话可能会创建失败。

FAQ

使用mkfs.ext4等工具的时候出现

/usr/sbin/fsck.ext4 -y /dev/by-name/rootfs_data
Error loading shared library /home/wuguanling/workspace/project/v316-sdv-tina/out/v316-sdv/staging_dir/target/rootfs/lib/libc.so: No such file or directory (needed by /usr/lib/libext2fs.so.2)

关闭以下选项：

make menuconfig
   | --- Global build settings
        | --- []strip unnecessary functions for libraries

**原文链接：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1701/
作者@YterAA**

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